GNSS stands for Global Navigation Satellite System, and it appears at pages… — Page 391, Lesson 393

This is the index of the book — the map of everything we're going to cover. I want to walk you through the entries that start with G and H, because these are the topics you'll be tested on, and I want you to see how they connect. Let's start with the navigation satellite systems. GNSS stands for Global Navigation Satellite System, and it appears at pages 261 and 305. GPS — the Global Positioning System — is at page 305, and GLONASS, the Russian system, is also at 305. These are the two big constellations you'll study. GPS and GLONASS together appear at page 322, where we compare them. GPS Segments at 307 — that's the space, control, and user segments. GPS Time at 307 — the time reference the system uses. GPS Errors at 317 — the sources of inaccuracy. Then we have Geostationary SVs at 321 — that's Geostationary Satellite Vehicles, satellites that stay fixed over one point on the equator. Now, the precision terms. GDOP at 318 stands for Geometric Dilution of Precision — also listed at 318. That's a measure of how satellite geometry affects position accuracy. Related to that, HDOP at 318 is Horizontal Dilution of Precision — the horizontal component of that same effect. Let me move to radio and frequency. Gigahertz at page 5 — that's a unit of frequency, one billion hertz. Heterodyning at 44 — that's the mixing of frequencies in a receiver. High Frequency (HF) at 8, and HF Communications at 32 — the long-range radio band. Half-wave Dipole at 55 — that's an antenna type, half a wavelength long. Goniometer at 88 — a device that measures angles, used in direction finding. Now the navigation aids. Glide Path at 148, Glide Slope at 154, and Glide Path Indications at 157 — these are all part of the Instrument Landing System, the vertical guidance on approach. Ground Monitoring of ILS at 151 — how the system checks itself. Guidance at 147 — the general concept of steering an aircraft. Ground Speed at 252 — your speed over the ground. For holding and approach: Hold at 220, Holding at 91 and 96, Holding Area at 96, and Holding points at 160 — these are the racetrack patterns and where you wait. Harmonization at 191 — aligning systems. And finally, Homing — that's cut off in the index, but it's the act of flying directly toward a beacon. So that's the G and H section of our map. Every one of these entries is a lesson we'll cover in detail. When you're ready, we'll move to the next part of the index.